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موسيقي كلاسيك |
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Classical Music |
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Herbert von Karajan (Conductor) |
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Update:
Friday August 29, 2003 |
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هربرت فون كارايان
(رهبر اركستر) |
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Herbert
von Karajan (Conductor) |
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Herbert von Karajan,
Born in
Salzburg on
April 5, 1908, Herbert von Karajan began studying the piano at
the age of four and performed for the first time in public at a charity
concert the following year. Karajan studied at the Mozarteum Conservatory in
Salzburg
from 1916 until 1926 and was taught by Franz Ledwinka, Franz Sauer and
Bernhard Paumgartner, the last of whom encouraged him to be trained as a
conductor. He continued his studies at the Vienna School of Music until
1929. |
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von
Karajan |
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Karajan made his
conducting debut in
Salzburg
on January 22, 1929. He first participated in the Salzburg Festival
in 1933 and the following year conducted the Vienna Philharmonic for the
first time. In 1938, he began his long association with the Berlin
Philharmonic, culminating with his appointment as Music Director for Life in
1956.
Karajan was the Artistic Director of both the Vienna State Opera from 1957
until 1964 and the Salzburg Festival from 1956 until 1960. As director of
the Vienna State Opera, he also brought about an important collaboration
between the company and Teatro alla Scala,
Milan,
where he had conducted regularly since his debut in 1948. In August 1964,
Karajan was appointed to the board of directors of the Salzburg Festival.
Another milestone in Karajan’s career was his founding of the popular
Salzburg Easter Festival in 1967. |
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Karajan’s long
and distinguished recording career with the Berlin Philharmonic made him an
international star. Over the years, these recordings consistently set new
audio and musical standards against which other performances were judged.
Among his many honors, Karajan received two Gramophone awards for recordings
with the Berlin Philharmonic in 1981: Mahler’s Ninth Symphony, best
orchestral recording; and the complete Parsifal, record of the year. Karajan
and the Berlin Philharmonic toured the world frequently and to great
acclaim. In 1955, the orchestra made its first appearance in New York and in
a national tour of the
United States,
all under Karajan’s direction, returning the following year and in many
subsequent seasons. |
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Altogether
between 1955 and 1982, Herbert von Karajan and the Berlin Philharmonic
played 105 concerts in the United States. Other notable international tours
included 11 visits to Japan -- the 1984 tour also took them to
Korea
-- and, in 1978, their first concerts in
China.
In addition, Karajan’s live concert broadcasts for German television from
1983 to 1986 enabled the Berlin Philharmonic to reach an audience well
beyond the traditional concert going public.
From his early
years as a conductor, he enjoyed a distinguished association with the Vienna
Philharmonic in hundreds of concerts and recordings that also form an
important part of the Karajan legacy. In 1959, he toured the world with the
Vienna Philharmonic, including 10 concerts in the United States. It was with
this orchestra that Karajan undertook what would be his final international
tour in 1989, including three memorable concerts in New York.
Karajan also
visited the
United States
with the Philharmonia Orchestra of
London.
In the fall of 1955, he toured the
United States
with the Philharmonia Orchestra, playing 24 concerts. |
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Throughout his
career, Karajan championed the use of visual media and new audio technology
to enhance musical expression. Beginning in 1965, Karajan produced films of
concerts and operas in association with French film director Henri-Georges
Clouzot. Always interested in improving the listening experience for his
audience, Karajan quickly adopted technological innovations. In January
1980, for example, Karajan made the first digital recording of Mozart’s The
Magic Flute, and at the Salzburg Easter Festival on April 15, 1981, joined PolyGram, Philips and Sony in introducing the “Compact Disc
Digital Audio System” to the music world. |
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Karajan founded
Telemondial S.A.M. in 1982 to produce his complete repertoire again for
video-disc, a new visual medium and an undertaking in which he had complete
creative control of both vision and sound. In recognition of his
achievements in the adoption of stereo sound in television and his
commitment to the introduction of digital sound, Karajan was presented with
the Eduard-Rhein-Ring by the founders of Hör zu magazine in 1984. |
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Karajan was the
recipient of many honors and awards, including the “Médaille de Vermeil” in
Paris, the Gold Medal of the Royal Philharmonic Society in London (other
conductors who have received this award include Arturo Toscanini, Sir Thomas
Beecham and
Bruno Walter), the Olympia Award of
the Onassis Foundation in Athens and the UNESCO International Music Prize.
Herbert von
Karajan died in
Salzburg
on July 16, 1989. |
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From:
karajan.org
Friday August 29,
2003 |
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